FRIDAY'S QUIZ

what do we need to know for the quiz on friday?

Samples from a book report

Guns, Germs, and Steel is a 426 page book written by Jared Diamond. It was published in 1997 by W.W. Norton and Company. Guns, Germs, and Steel examines the history of humans and how geography determines the development of civilizations. The book conceptualizes that any developing society that can get guns, germs and steel before the others has the winning edge and will be the dominant society for a long time to come. Europeans utilized the advantages of these three first and this explains why they are ahead now. Diamond looks back at history and uncovers why Europeans gained and used these three advantages first and, in particular, shows how geography determined development and not any sort of genetic or cultural superiority. Diamond practically writes the whole book in a step by step guide and I feel divides everything equally. Diamond discusses each continent and topic equally and discusses why certain fates fell for each continent.

Another interesting fact is that 13 out the original 14 were found in Eurasia, but they were scattered about the two continents. The final one was in South America. Yet sub- Saharan Africa, which is home to the most and biggest animals, does not have any domesticated animals. North America and Australia also have none and scientists believe that all the large animals that once lived there were wiped out when humans came to the land. Once again Eurasia has come out on top and they are on their way to becoming the most "advanced" of all the continents.

Diamond finally ties chapters 4-9 together in chapter 10, Spacious Skies and Tilted Axes. In this chapter he explains why the knowledge of food production of the Fertile Crescent spread and why it did so quickly (at least for some areas). A key factor to why it spread the way it did is because of the East-West advantage ( as Diamond calls it). The day length, seasonal temperatures, as well as diseases, types of plants and animals, and rainfall are the same going east and west and west to east. Eurasia is made of 1000s of miles of land land going east and west, meaning that you could be 1000s of miles away and experience the same kind of climate, etc., but the Americas and Africa are not so lucky. Both the Americas and Africa have a north- south axis. So if you were to go north to south or south to north you'll experience all sorts of changes in time, weather, climate, and see different types of plants and animals. This has a direct effect to why places like Africa and America took so long to spread their ideas and to produce food itself. As mentioned earlier, some foods can grow in one spot, but it can't if another area doesn't have the right conditions. The same is for any animal that needs a certain climate or conditions.

This may give you some ideas but remember it is only part of a report.

Heelllo :~)

What up Lewis,
Can you please post the question set and all that other good stuff. Would be greatly helpful. Thanks! Have a great evening. ;->

Chapter Reviews and Book Reports

You must do the chapter reviews and do them on time. I am going over them right now and many of you have missed the latest one. You may not send your results to any other address other than klewis3431@gmail.com. I am giving all others a zero for being tardy or for being sent to the wrong address. I HAVE MENTIONED IT TOO MANY TIMES. YOU MUST SEND YOUR WORK TO THAT ADDRESS. You must do it on time and you will be losing points on this. I fail to see why students who cannot do this simple task should get a decent grade in my class, get permission to leave for other activities or even remain in the class past the first semester. I have yet to drop a single student but there are several heads on the chopping block. Shape up in my class or I will remove you. I will make a point of adding this to my next discussion with the vice principal. Please note that you have also had plenty of time to work on these book reports and as such, you had better do a good job. I expect you to have written your reports and rewritten them to get the material down in the best possible manner. Go through the authors ideas, cite examples when possible and when space allows you to do so. I am not handing out grades like a dentist hands out lollipops. Do the work or face some pretty serious consequences.

Help Please

Can some please inform me on what the book reports are on again. Thanks, my organizational skills have been superb this year. :~)

unit 3 stuff

we don't have the unit 3 notes due on monday do we? you said that you moved it until after the book reports, but it hasn't been changed on the homework site..so i was just making sure...
..and unit 3 includes the chapters on language, ethnicity, religion and culture...correct?

Gobble, Gobble

Mr. Lewis if u promised to show a sample of a written essay i suggest u keep ur word. Its not fair to the rest of ur classes to wait on u till the last minute right before everything is due. If u could like post a sample before the weekend ends that would be... sufficent. Peace out homie

PS. Happy belated Turkey Day everyone.... Gobble Gobble!

you didn't think i would abandon you, did you?

sorry i'm a little late, i've had my hands full with other stuff...**mario get your fingers out of the pasta! i said dinner wasn't finished yet! MARIO!!** anyway...
note: i have ABSOLUTELY NO PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE of any of the content on the quiz. i have read all of chapter 4 and will be providing the basics of my notes.
These are MY notes, if you copy them, I will hunt you down! (and mr. lewis will probably step in somewhere) okay, so then:

some vocab:
habit-a repetitive act that a particular individual performs (habits don't imply that they have been adopted by most of society)
custom- a repetitive act of a group performed to the extent that it becomes a characteristic of the group
-material culture- this includes things like survival activities (food, clothing, shelter) and leisure activities (arts and recreation, which is different for each culture)
-folk culture- practiced by small groups in isolated areas
-popular culture- large societies that share habits despite differences in characteristics
-hearths (origin of customs and such) are not always known for every custom, nor is there always one hearth
____________________
pop culture spreads through technologies and hierarchical diffusion (YOU'LL have to know how and why and what those are)
folk culture spreads on a smaller scale, mostly through migration
____________________
okay, i'll probably have to be more vague, otherwise i might be giving away too much. you can't depend upon me, remember? most details of these things were discussed in class and if you weren't paying attention i guess you are s.o.o.l. (i'm sorry that was mean :( )
____________________
there are A LOT of obvious things. you can probably figure out a lot of stuff through what we've already learned. like:
-folk customs vary widely
-environment affects customs because it can limit human actions
-food habits derive from the environment (duh!)
-stuff about food attractions and taboos, like the influence of religion and other customs on taboos
(let's see...) **paging through a lot of notes**
not doing housing and stuff saves you about 6 pages in the book
oh! and skim over the paragraphs about jeans because i actually found that stuff interesting (me, the one who, well, i won't say hates, um, dislikes social studies) ;)
-MDCs have more income and leisure time, so there's more pop culture there (another obvious one)
-TV and internet are forms of globalization (we learned that a long time ago) but some countries fear it
-government wants control of television
-you should probably skim over the effects of both pop and folk culture, how they can damage the environment and other effects as well
________________
well, hopefully that should give you a vague idea of wha's going on in ch. 4
notice! i did not reveal anything directly from the quiz! (or did i? i don't even know what's on the quiz, i'm serious)
remember that these notes will probably not lead you to a high grade, and i might not be able to put stuff like this up all the time, (though i will forever be around to insult the blog monster and his lame poetry! GLOB ha ha! lol) >:)

as for the americas, i couldn't really find any good maps, because all the words were tiny, so your best bet is probably your agenda. yay agenda! that was tiring! i hope it helps!
p.s. i REALLY apologize to all those that chose to take the test today instead of tomorrow, i was still taking notes, i'll try to be earlier next time! (**looks at time** is anybody up at this time? well then this is for all you last-minute people! go you!)
yours truly,
Princess Toadstool
-Peach

TOMORROW'S QUIZ

what countries do we need to know for the quiz?

we do not need to know about folk housing, housing styles, folk house forms, etc...anything dealing with housing, right?

mrlewishistoricalsociety

Mr. Lewis,
Are you going to give us a sample page from a previous essay so that we can get an idea about our papers.

im having a hard time finding the answer for the question

5. Which images of social customs do countries depict in campaigns to promote tourism? To what extent do these images reflect local social customs realistically?

Can some one please give me a page number to which i can refer to

Turkeys

"Courage!" he said, and pointed toward the land,
"This mounting wave will roll us shoreward soon."
In the afternoon they came unto a land
In which it seemed always afternoon.

You are not on break yet kiddies but be aware the blog monster like to eat live,whole turkeys for Thanksgiving. Quiz, quiz, quiz coming right before you get your Turkey break. You will not be going to the bowl and having your desert until you have a main course of questions.

Gobble, gobble

*Extra credit if you can analyze the above fragment correctly on the quiz (3 points)

Blog, heh, heh

The Bungalow questions are due Friday right?

Powerpoint and outage

Outae scheduled for tonight at 9pst according to blogger.com. The folk culture diffusion and bungalow powerpoint will not post as one whole powerpoint so I will be breaking it up into parts and posting the parts. Should happen tonight.

Tuesday's Assignment - Alert others

For Tuesday:

Read culturework1 and culturework2 and explain how cultures work and how they change (use only the material explained in those two pages). One long paragraph for this part.

Read and complete the handout religionexc in the Culture and Language folder (all handouts are from here). You will need to use the web for this part. You do not need to do this with a partner. Explain in one paragraph what your top religions were and why you think it turned out that way.

Read Indianwedding and explain how it relates to the terms and ideas expressed in our culture, religion and ethnicity chapters. We will go over this part a little bit on Monday. Three paragraphs for this part.

No Problems

I think peach is doing a fine job of helping. Royal Punk just wants to make sure everyone is working but I do not mind at all anything that has been posted just do not tell that to the blog monster. It is important to have fun with this and posting up helpful stuff and having fun is O.K. with me and it helps the class too because everyone likes getting help. I do not think anyone is slacking and the improvement in grades from the first weeks till now is proof. So in general, keep up the good work. Keep going after the blog monster peach (he has my cats yet again) and just bear in mind ... *sun goes down* that I... *grunt, snort* am happy... *grunt* to curse you all with quizzes and doom you to classes filled with worksheets after worksheets. Blog, blog Heh, heh.

The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the windowpanes,
The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the windowpanes
Licked its tounge into the corners of the evening,
Lingered upon the pools that stand in drains,
Let fall upon its back the soot that falls from chimneys,
Slipped by the terrace, made a sudden leap,
And seeing that it was a soft October night,
Curled once about the house, and fell asleep

Advice

Hi everyone,

How was the quiz? Did It keep his word? I was just wondering and this is the reason why I posting this comment. I don't know what goes on in class, but based on reading previous comments, there is a lot of complaining and confusion as to homework and quizzes.

I don't want to lecture, well I guess the correct word would be to nag at you all, but I think it is needed. I am not in the class, so I do not know how Mr. Lewis is conducting it, but I want to tell you what I did and how I was taught. I had to read and do outlines all the time. I hated it and it took up a lot of time, but it was worth it. I think the information sticks better if you actually read and take tons of notes. Not only did we have that, but Ms. Tobias gave us papers and projects too and they would usually be due along with the homework- a lot to do in a short period of time.

My question to you all is: what did you expect out of an AP class? This is a college level course and guess what... all you do is read long (usually boring chapters too) and take tons of notes. To be honest, it isn't really assigned, but more suggested. If you want to do well, then do the work. I know a lot of information is being thrown at you guys from all directions, but life is like is a lot like that too. So if you can't put in the time to do this, then problems will come about... quick fixes won't help in the long run.

If any of you need help, I'm here. In fact, one of my majors is Human Geography and Geographic Information Systems. I also have a strong background in history. But I can't help unless you guys are more specific and prompt... don't wait until the last minute.

Don't get me wrong Peach. I think your doing a great job finding all that extra info and outlines and such, but don't become depend on it. The material is less likely to stick (in my opinion).

*sighing*

I had a lot to say, and I am not picking on any of you. I am not trying to choose sides either. Please do not take this as a bad thing, but more like a wake up call. Just remember that I am here to help.

Peach

I received word that people were seeking out my identity earlier today. it doesn't matter, so don't let it trouble you. Like limousine said, "eh. who cares? she gives us stuff.yay, Peach.*pelts blog monster with poem books*"

kudos on the pelting with the books, by the way. very nice.

QUIZ TOM

Blog Monster said that the quiz was going to be on religion and culture. That only means chapter 6 though.. so is the quiz only supposed to be on that chapter? How much in depth do we have to know one subpoint of the topic?

to get you started

Time for a new strategy, I'm going to hurt you mentally blog monster!!! here everyone! here are some notes on the chapters we have been reading, we'll conquer this blog monster yet!
**blog monster starts to sweat and feels an invisible stabbing pain in his side**

sorry that i didn't get the right link to the ch. 6 notes before but i have them now. these are somewhat basic, so you should probably still look through your book for more details.
http://www.ac.wwu.edu/~patrick/geo201/chap6-99.htm

since i didn't find much for ch. 7, i'll post central and south america!
http://www.bnbguidebook.com/central-america.guide -central
http://www.who.int/docstore/peh-emf/EMFStandards/who-0102/South_America/south-america5.htm -south

go people go!! power to the students!!!!

France and Muslim Women

Samira Bellil is the granddaughter of Algerian immigrants, and she's written a book about surviving the hell of the Paris ghettos. (CBS) Quote "I was gang raped by three people I knew, and I couldn't say anything, because in my culture, your family is dishonored if you lose your virginity." Samira Bellil

(CBS) For almost half a century, Europe has depended on imported labor to do the kind of menial jobs its own people don't want to do -- so much so that, today, the population of France is almost 10 percent Muslim.

They are the descendants of Algerian, Moroccan and Tunisian workers who came from France's ex-colonies.

Now, many of them live in neglected public housing projects, ruled by violent gangs and increasingly susceptible to Islamic fundamentalism. Correspondent Christiane Amanpour reports.

---

When people talk about ghettos in France, they're talking about high-rise complexes that have been built far away from the city center to house African and Arab immigrants.

Just saying you live in the neighborhood is enough to get your job application thrown in the garbage. And the unemployment amongst young people is four times the national average.

With little hope of making it outside the projects, many of these young men try to dominate their own neighborhoods, resorting to violence, especially against young women.

They rule gangland style, combined with the male-dominated traditions of the Arab countries they came from. It's gotten so bad that, today, most of the young women only feel safe if they are covered up, or if they stay at home. Girls who want to look just like other French girls are considered provocative, asking for trouble.

Samira Bellil wasn't asking for trouble, but trouble came to her. She's the granddaughter of Algerian immigrants and she's written a book about surviving the hell of the Paris ghettos.

"I was gang raped by three people I knew, and I couldn't say anything, because in my culture, your family is dishonored if you lose your virginity,” says Bellil. “So I kept quiet, and the rapes continued. The next time, I was pulled off a commuter train and no one lifted a finger to help me. …Everybody turned their head away. They were all looking out the window.”

When Bellil's family discovered that she had been raped, they weren't sympathetic. They threw her out onto the streets. But she's since discovered that what happened to her was not the only case.

“There was a trial in Lille where a 13-year-old girl was gang raped by 80 men. Sometimes, it’s 80, or 50 or 10. It’s absolutely terrible,” says Bellil. “In the case of Argenteuil, it was horrible. A young woman was raped in a school. Of course, everybody knew, but they're so afraid of these young men that they prefer to close their eyes. That's the price of peace in the ghettos.”

When the verdicts came down in this case, the courthouse turned into a madhouse. Eighteen teenagers were convicted of raping a 15-year-old girl over a two-month period. But what really shocked France was how the mothers of those boys reacted.

“You call this justice, seven years in prison for some oral sex,” says one mother. “It's the girl who should be behind bars.”

Aboubacar was one of those convicted, not of raping the girl, but of knowing about it, and doing nothing to stop it. “When you live in a neighborhood that's so dark and tough, you can’t mess with others' business, unless you want to put your life on the line,” says Aboubacar.

He received a suspended sentence, and now he's using his rap music to spread the message that violence is wrong.

“We were gangsters. If someone was robbing a house, I had to follow the group, otherwise they'd say I wasn't a man,” says Aboubacar. “Men are stronger than women. Men are more respected than women. So if I don't have many brothers, my sister can be attacked. But if I come from a big family, people will lower their eyes when they pass my sister. That's part of the law.”

---

Nadir Doudane grew up in the same projects. Now, he works as a youth counselor trying to encourage more normal relations between the boys and girls.

What is it about the projects that is at the root of this violence?

“I think it’s because of the tradition that make the boys think that the girls should be treated this way and not that way,” says Doudane. “It’s not France here.”

What really scares Doudane is that Islamic fundamentalists are taking advantage of these frustrations. “It’s tough. What the fundamentalists are saying to the young kids, ‘We will help you find a job. We will help you be proud of who you are.’ That's why it's a big success here.”

On downtown Paris streets, racy ads are still the rule. But in the projects, the fundamentalist voices are growing stronger. They are now targeting the disaffected youth in the ghettos. Many of the mosques there are filled with fundamentalist preaching.

This is what an influential imam of one French mosque recently said about how men can treat their wives: “If a woman cheats on her husband, her husband can beat her, as long as he doesn't hit her nose, her eyes, her ears. That's part of our religion.”

The French government promptly deported this imam back to his native Algeria. Bouziane is the fifth Muslim cleric thrown out of France this year, for preaching such an intolerant form of Islam.

But this clash of cultures is threatening to divide France, between those who want to keep the country secular, and those who protested against the government’s ban on wearing Islamic headscarves in public schools.

---

It's also dividing many immigrant families, like that of a young woman we’ll call Sonia. She doesn't want to be identified, because she's cut off all contact with her family. She was born in France, but her parents are from Tunisia.

Sonia's father tried to send her to Tunisia for an arranged marriage, after he found out that her boss had raped her. In her father's eyes, Sonia had dishonored her whole family.

“My father told me it was my fault, that what happened to me,” says Sonia. “I provoked him to do what he did to me. I couldn’t change his mind.”

And there are many others like Sonia. At least 70,000 young women have come under pressure to accept arranged marriages, according to France's Commission for Integration

“It's necessary to explain to parents and to young people that we are in France,” says Zair Kedadouche, of Arab descent, who sits on that commission. “The relation between Islam and the relation between a woman and men, it’s very hypocritical. Even in I'm Muslim, but I know it’s very hypocritical.”

Equally hypocritical, he says, is the French government, which champions equality, but has effectively disenfranchised its own Muslim community -- the biggest in Europe.

“We are 10 percent of the French population, and we have no members of parliament…We have 37,000 mayors. In France we have no mayor [of Arab descent],” says Kedadouche. “It’s very strange. … We can compare the situation of black people in the beginning of the ‘60s in America and now in France.”

Why, then, does there seem to be so much violence in the ghettos, in the slums and project areas, where most of the immigrants have to live?

“It's not because we are Arabic that we are delinquent. It’s because we are poor, and we live in very bad conditions,” says Kedadouche.

---

But nothing prepared France for what happened to a 17-year-old French Muslim girl named Sohane Benziane. Her case really woke up the country to the nightmare that has been festering so long in these projects.

Sohane was burned alive in the basement of an apartment complex by a gang leader who had told her that he didn't want to see her on his turf. After her murder, her sister, Kahina, dedicated a memorial at the site of her killing.

And just in case there was any doubt about where loyalties lie in these projects, when the young man accused of killing Sohane returned with police to show how he had doused her with gasoline, the highrise he had controlled broke out in cries of support.

That just infuriated Samira Bellil enough to help lead a national movement against this violence. “Before, they would rape us. Now, they're burning us alive. Sohane can't speak anymore, so I'm gonna do the talking,” says Bellil.

“Ni putes ni soumises,” is a provocative slogan that, roughly translated, means “We're neither whores nor doormats.” It's a movement that sprang out of the ghettos, made up of mostly immigrant women who are now fighting back against the gang rapes and violence that plague their neighborhoods.

Bellil is in the forefront of that fight, leading demonstrations and lobbying to set up shelters to help protect these women.

In an extraordinary gesture, the French government honored Bellil’s achievements, and those of 13 other women from the projects, by hanging their portraits outside the country's parliament, recognizing that France's ethnic fabric is changing.

“My life is not the same life today,” says Bellil. “Before, it was terrible, it was terrible. But I fight very hard to be what I am now today. And I win, and for me, it's wonderful, and now I smile.”

Quiz

Central America is very nice to visit but South America is not if you are Urbina. either way you will have to know both along with some basic facts about those chapters you should have been reading the last couple of weeks. I will give more clues tomorrow for the quiz that will come the day after tomorrow but before the day after that.

If you know only a heap of broken images, you will have problems

BLOG ha ha ha

Holy Sites Site on the Web

http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/middle_east/2000/holy_places/default.stm

Book Report Info

Due Date: November 29th

Length: 7-8 Pages, Double-spaced and with 12 point font, standard margins.

Introduction: Explain the main points the book wishes to express. Give background information necessary to understand necessary to understand the topic at hand. One to two paragraphs on this part.

Body: Explain the main points expressed in the book and the arguments the author uses to prove his point. Include examples for the most important parts of the author's arguments. Make sure to follow the arguments logically step by step. Include relevant terms from the text and show how the theory expressed in your book relates to lessons from the classroom or ideas in the text.

-Use quotes when possible but do not use extended quotes when not necessary.

-Cite facts as needed.

-Use the standard citation method shown on the class website (writing page).

-This section should be ninety percent of your paper length.

Conclusion: Explain the overarching conclusions that can be learned from the text and explain the weaknesses with the arguments if any.

Map..

I'm guessing it is not acceptable to print out various maps from, oh, lets say, google searches?

Palestine Map

What is meant by "zones"? Does that mean its "districts"?
And isn't Palestine almost ALL Isreali land?
And are the past boundaries the British Mandate of Palestine?

the homework..

quick question about the homework due wed....
for question 2 of the 3rd question... what is meant by "spatial issue"?? i'm not sure how i'm supposed to answer that..

Map of Israel

http://z.about.com/d/geography/1/0/k/J/israel.jpg

Chapter 6

sorry to interrupt the hw, but i just found this site that has notes on ch. 6 (weird coencidence)that might help a little.
(Note: Mr. Lewis can also see these notes so you probably can't get by with just copying them down and using them as you text notes) that being said i probably should have just kept my big mouth shut...XP

palestine map

did mr. lewis every hand us out those palestian maps he said he was going to?

Yet Another Article on France

Rioting Spreads to 300 Towns in France

By ANGELA DOLAND, Associated Press Writer 23 minutes ago

PARIS - Rioting by French youths spread to 300 towns overnight, and a 61-year-old man hurt in the violence died of his wounds, the first fatality in 11 days of unrest that has shocked the country, police said Monday.

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As urban unrest spread to neighboring Belgium and possibly Germany, the French government faced growing criticism for its inability to stop the violence, despite massive police deployment and continued calls for calm.

Meanwhile, governments worldwide urged their citizens to be careful in France.

On Sunday night, vandals burned more than 1,400 vehicles, and clashes around the country left 36 police injured, setting a new high for overnight arson and violence since rioting started last month, national police chief Michel Gaudin told a news conference.

Australia, Britain, Germany and Japan advised their citizens to exercise care in France, joining the United States, Russia and at least a half dozen other countries in warning tourists to stay away from violence-hit areas.

The victim was identified as Jean-Jacques Le Chenadec, a retired auto industry worker who died after being beaten by an attacker. He was trying to extinguish a trash can fire Friday at his housing project in the northeastern suburb of Stains when an attacker caught him by surprise and beat him into a coma, police said.

Apparent copycat attacks spread outside France for the first time, with five cars torched outside Brussels' main train station, police in the Belgian capital said.

The mayhem started as an outburst of anger in suburban Paris housing projects and has fanned out nationwide among disaffected youths, mostly of Muslim or African origin, to become France's worst civil unrest in more than a decade.

Attacks overnight Sunday to Monday were reported in 274 towns, and police made 395 arrests, Gaudin said.

"This spread, with a sort of shock wave spreading across the country, shows up in the number of towns affected," Gaudin said, noting that the violence appeared to be sliding away from its flash point in the Parisian suburbs and worsening elsewhere.

It was the first time police had been injured by weapons' fire and there were signs that rioters were deliberately seeking out clashes with police, officials said.

Among the injured police, 10 were hurt by youths firing fine-grain birdshot in a late-night clash in the southern Paris suburb of Grigny, national police spokesman Patrick Hamon said. Two were hospitalized, but the injuries were not considered life-threatening. One was wounded in the neck, the other in the legs.

The unrest began Oct. 27 in the low-income Paris suburb of Clichy-sous-Bois after the deaths of two teenagers of Mauritanian and Tunisian origin. The youths were accidentally electrocuted as they hid from police in a power substation. They apparently thought they were being chased.

About 4,700 cars have been burned in France since the rioting began and 1,200 suspects were detained at least temporarily, Gaudin said.

The growing violence is forcing France to confront long-simmering anger in its suburbs, where many Africans and their French-born children live on society's margins, struggling with high unemployment, racial discrimination and despair — fertile terrain for crime of all sorts as well as for Muslim extremists offering frustrated youths a way out.

France, with 5 million Muslims, has the largest Islamic population in Western Europe.

President Jacques Chirac

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President Jacques Chirac, whose government is under intense pressure to halt the violence, promised stern punishment for those behind the attacks, making his first public comments Sunday since the riots started.

"The law must have the last word," Chirac said after a security meeting with top ministers. France is determined "to be stronger than those who want to sow violence or fear, and they will be arrested, judged and punished."

France's biggest Muslim fundamentalist organization, the Union for Islamic Organizations of France, issued a fatwa, or religious decree, that forbade all those "who seek divine grace from taking part in any action that blindly strikes private or public property or can harm others."

Arsonists burned two schools and a bus in the central city of Saint-Etienne and its suburbs, and two people were injured in the bus attack. Churches were set ablaze in northern Lens and southern Sete, he said.

In Colombes in suburban Paris, youths pelted a bus with rocks, sending a 13-month-old child to the hospital with a head injury, Hamon said, while a daycare center was burned in Saint-Maurice, another Paris suburb.

Much of the youths' anger has focused on law-and-order Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy, whose reference to the troublemakers as "scum" appeared to inflame passions.

___

Associated Press writers Emmanuel Georges-Picot in Paris, Thierry Boinet in Grenoble and Jan Sliva in Strasbourg contributed to this report.

Article on Brain Drain

Hi everyone,

You may have already learned this, but if you haven't then it doesn't hurt to get a little ahead... Brain drain is when talent from one place leaves in massive numbers to another. Think pull and push factors. Anyway, enjoy.

Study: Rich Nations Aiding 'Brain Drain'
By ALICIA CHANG
One of every four doctors in North America, Britain and Australia is an immigrant who attended a foreign medical school, contributing to a ``brain drain'' that deprives poor countries of good medical care, researchers say. As many as three-quarters of physicians who come to rich countries hail from less-developed ones grappling with AIDS, infectious diseases and other health scourges, the study found. In the United States, for example, most foreign doctors are from India, the Philippines and Pakistan. The study comes on the heels of a World Bank report this week documenting the mass migration of middle-class professionals from impoverished nations in the Caribbean, Africa and Central America. ``The brain drain has also weakened the physician work forces of many poor nations,'' wrote Dr. Fitzhugh Mullan, a professor of medicine and health policy at George Washington University, who led the study published in Thursday's New England Journal of Medicine.

The foreign doctors typically come to the U.S. and other rich countries to complete their residencies - the post-medical school training period - and many stay on to practice medicine.
Because of the aging of the baby boom generation, experts say the United States faces a shortage of 200,000 doctors and 800,000 nurses by 2020. To deal with the problem, the Association of American Medical Colleges is asking the nation's 125 medical schools to increase their enrollment. The number of first-year medical students in the United States is already at an all-time high of about 17,000.
Some say a boost in enrollment would help ease the U.S. medical system's dependence on foreign doctors to fill residencies.
Dr. Edward Langston of the American Medical Association said the U.S. should not abandon its long-standing practice of training foreign doctors. But he said the U.S. and other rich nations need to strike a balance so that developing countries are not stripped of their own physicians.
``We have a responsibility to train international medical graduates because we're looked upon as the gold standard around the world,'' Langston said.
Before foreign doctors can do their residencies in the U.S., they must pass the same exams administered to graduates of American medical schools and must also prove proficiency in English.
In the latest study, Mullan culled data on doctors practicing or training in the U.S., Canada, Britain and Australia. He found that foreign-born and -trained physicians account for 23 percent to 28 percent of doctors in those four countries. The U.S. has the largest share of foreign doctors, with nearly 209,000.
Developing countries supply between 40 percent to 75 of the foreign doctors in the four nations, the study found.
Only 3 percent of U.S. doctors went to foreign medical schools and returned to the states to practice.
Africa has just 600,000 doctors, nurses and midwives for 600 million people, yet wealthy nations continue ``poaching'' them, Drs. Lincoln Chen of Harvard University and Jo Ivey Boufford of New York University wrote in an accompanying editorial.
On the Net:
New England Journal: http://www.nejm.org
American Medical Association: http://www.ama-assn.org
10/26/05 20:44
© Copyright The Associated Press. All rights reserved. The information contained In this news report may not be published, broadcast or otherwise distributed without the prior written authority of The Associated Press

Map

Do we draw the map or does Mr. Lewis give us handouts with the map of "Israel" and we do the borders?

confused... help :(

the assignment dealing with the articles...is it due on wednesday as stated in one of the blogs below...? if so..is there anything due on monday?

Final one for now

look below for more articles and for my description of wht you should be doing to answer the question at hand.


The other side of Aulnay

By Joseph Winter BBC News website, Aulnay-sous-Bois

After a week of riots during which a Renault showroom was destroyed along with the hundreds of cars inside, the Paris suburb of Aulnay-sous-Bois has become known around the world as a place of violence and poverty.

And yet just a mile or so from where the menacing, dilapidated tower blocks have seen nightly clashes between angry youths armed with petrol bombs and the police, is the Vieux Pays (Old country) district of Aulnay which has the feel of picture-postcard France.

People walk down narrow, tree-lined streets, past quaint houses with wooden shutters and window boxes full of carefully-tended flowers to pick up their baguettes from the bakers.

Teacher Elisabeth Jallon told the BBC News website that Aulnay used to be a quiet little country town until it was swallowed up by urban sprawl in the 1960s and the tower blocks were built.

In the town's richer neighbourhoods, some understand the frustration and anger of the rioters but the patience of others ran out long ago.

"It's been a week now, it's too much. They should send in the police or even the army to stamp it right out," said one man.

"It's crazy," said another. "Aulnay used to be a beautiful town and they've wrecked it."

"All this only means our taxes will have to go up to pay for the damage," said an old woman taking her poodle for a walk.

She blamed the parents for the trouble, saying: "Where are they when their 11- and 12-year-olds are out setting cars on fire at night?"

None of them wanted to give their name for fear of reprisals.

'Separate world'

They all vehemently denied there was any racism in Aulnay but walking around the town's richer areas like Vieux Pays and especially Aulnay Sud, divided by the railway lines from the riot-hit areas, it is noticeable that there are far fewer black and Arabic faces.

There could be war - if they come to burn my car, I'll be waiting with my gun Paul Coste

This overlap of ethnic, economic and physical divisions only makes it more difficult for the different groups who live in Aulnay to understand each other's problems and work together to solve them.

One woman said that she used to live on the "hot" estates.

"It's a different world over there - completely separate," she said.

While most of the violence - except for the burning of the Renault showroom - has been taking place on the estates, the effects are being felt across the town.

Some are now afraid to go out at night, while one man lost a day's work clearing out his garage so he could park his car there in case the trouble spreads.

The woman walking her poodle said she was worried that the firefighters and ambulance drivers would be too busy having stones thrown at them as they tried to put out the fires to attend to other emergency calls.

"I live opposite the police station and I haven't slept in the past week because of all the sirens," said another woman.

Paul Coste, 52, who has lived in Aulnay all his life, had to drive around the town to find a cash machine which was still working after those near his house had been wrecked.

His 84-year-old mother lives on the estates and is too afraid to go out on her own, so he was taking her shopping - once he managed to get hold of some money.

"There could be war," he said. "If they come to burn my car, I'll be waiting with my gun."

One of the solutions he wanted was to tighten immigration control, saying it was a shame that the rioters were born in France "or they could be sent back home, where they wouldn't be allowed to cause trouble like this".

Boost for Sarkozy?

Interior Minister's Nicolas Sarkozy has outraged many inhabitants of the estates by saying they should be "pressure-cleaned" of all the "rabble" who live there.

But such comments may go down well with a part of the electorate ahead of the 2007 elections which are already dominating French politics.

Mrs Jallon's husband, also a teacher, was not sure of the exact mathematical relationship between the numbers of cars burnt and votes for the right-wing but said the violence would definitely help candidates calling for tougher law-and-order and immigration policies.

Some young rioters in Aulnay said the violence would continue until Mr Sarkorzy resigned for his insulting comments and what they see as racist policing.

It could be that on the contrary, they are actually helping his election campaign.

In an opinion poll published on Sunday, 63% of those surveyed said Mr Sarkozy had used "shocking" words but 57% still have a positive view of him.

Story from BBC NEWS:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/1/hi/world/europe/4410980.stm

Yet another article

France's disaffected Muslim businessmen

France has been stunned by rioting in low-income suburbs dominated by immigrants. But ghetto youths are not the only French people of foreign origin to feel sidelined.

As part of a series on French Muslims, Henri Astier spoke to two businessmen about their perception of prejudice against them.

Yazid Sabeg is a rarity among France's business elite. He is North African. And those two facts, he believes, are not unconnected.

"A lot of people don't like my face," says the 55-year-old industrialist.

Whether or not corporate France is "viscerally racist", as Mr Sabeg contends, it certainly lacks diversity.

The chief executive of CS, a big communications group, he is the only person of North African origin to head a leading French company.

His father, an Algerian worker, came to France in 1952. Young Yazid studied hard and worked as a civil servant before setting up his own finance company.

In certain circles the Algerian war continues Yazid Sabeg

In the early 1990s Mr Sabeg took over CS, a contractor in the sensitive field of secure communications for defence and aerospace.

The takeover met with fierce resistance. "The establishment, notably the military establishment, did not like it," he recalls.

In 1991 intelligence services wrote a scathing report about Mr Sabeg, based on false rumours that he was financing Algerian militants.

Investigative journalist Christophe Deloire - who uncovered the report - says the rumours about Mr Sabeg were malicious.

"It looks as if somebody tried to sink him," Mr Deloire said.

Damaged relationship

Mr Sabeg says he has no idea who started the whispering campaign. But he is convinced people with intelligence contacts are still trying to undermine him

"Some people spend their whole lives spinning tales, because in certain circles the Algerian war continues," he says.

FRENCH ISLAM Five million Muslims (estimate) 35% Algerian origin (estimate) 25% Moroccan origin (estimate) 10% Tunisian origin (estimate) Concentrated in poor suburbs of Paris, Lille, Lyon, Marseille and other cities

"In their minds you can't be both Arab and French."

Mr Sabeg says the reputation of his firm is his best protection. CS is a listed company with 4,000 employees in France and abroad and a 400m-euro turnover.

"I am established. To sink me they would have to find more than rumours, and that's all they've got."

Still, the company has suffered. It took Mr Sabeg three years to get the security clearance needed to work on military projects.

He says his relationship with the defence ministry never completely recovered.

His claim that his Algerian roots have been used against him is hard to verify.

But what is certain is that you see few black and brown faces in France's boardrooms. The only Arab entrepreneurs you are likely to meet run corner shops.

Going halal

For an illustration of the problems faced by North African-born businessmen at the other end of the economic ladder, a good place to start is Evry, south of Paris.

The town has an Avenue des Champs-Elysees, but it is a far cry from its grand Parisian namesake.

Much of Evry consists of low-income housing estates that white people fled long ago.

In 2002 Abdel and Mohamed Djaiziri bought a small supermarket chain in one of bleakest of these estates, Les Pyramides - named after one of Paris' glitziest areas.

The Tunisian brothers then did a fateful thing. They turned the supermarket, affiliated to the Franprix chain, into a halal shop.

It was purely a business a decision, they insist: In a predominantly Muslim area, there was no point stocking pork or alcohol that would stay on the shelf.

"When a shopkeeper has a range of 15,000 products available to him, he will choose those that will sell," Abdel Djaiziri said in a recent interview.

But the mayor felt the move contributed to creating a ghetto by making life difficult for non-Muslims, and tried to get the store closed on health grounds.

There was nothing to buy, so we lost all our customers Abdel Djaiziri

The Djaiziri brothers' problems got even worse in early 2003, when Franprix stopped supplying them.

"There was nothing to buy, so we lost all our customers," Mr Djaiziri says.

It took the brothers three months to find other suppliers - by which time they had got heavily into debt to pay the rent and salaries.

Ongoing fight

Mr Djaiziri says he does not know why Franprix withdrew the franchise. Perhaps the chain wanted to steer clear of the conflict with the mayor, he speculates.

Franprix, when contacted, declined to comment.

I want them to go. I want to rehabilitate the square and bring in quality shops Evry Mayor Manuel Valls

Two years on, the business is still standing - although Mr Djaiziri says the debt remains a big burden.

But relations with the mayor, he says, have improved. Health inspectors still come round regularly, but the visits are courteous.

"I consider the matter closed," Mr Djaiziri says.

The problem is that Mayor Manuel Valls does not.

"The store is filthy," he says. "I want them to go. I want to rehabilitate the square and bring in quality shops."

It is impossible to say for sure the brothers suffered on account of their origin.

They had no previous experience in retailing - and Mayor Valls, a socialist with a record of reaching out to minorities, is no xenophobe.

But their experience - as well as Mr Sabeg's and the general scarcity of immigrant entrepreneurs in France - helps explain why some Muslim businessmen feel as marginalised as ghetto youths.

Story from BBC NEWS:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/1/hi/world/europe/4405790.stm

Another Article

Look at all the articles below and the comments I have made about wht to do for Wed.'s assignment

Unrest Spreads to Central Paris and Outskirts of More Cities

By CRAIG S. SMITH

PARIS, Nov. 6 - Scattered nighttime rioting around French public housing developments continued early today, spreading to central Paris and the outskirts of more cities, leaving the authorities frustrated by an inability to stop what many are calling France's worst civil unrest since the 1968 student revolts.

The French news media reported this afternoon that President Jacques Chirac had summoned Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin and the ministers of defense, justice, economy and the interior for a 6 p.m. meeting. On Saturday, Prime Minister de Villepin met with eight of his ministers and a top Muslim official in an effort to find a way to break the chain of violent events.

But the violence continued, with two schools destroyed in the Essonne region south of Paris and more cars going up in flames. More than 1,000 vehicles and many buildings have been destroyed in the disorder that began Oct. 27, with nearly 900 vehicles reported burned Friday night alone, although the violence seemed to be lessening by Sunday morning.

Early today, local news media reported that a few cars had been damaged by small firebombs near the Place de la Republique, in a neighborhood in central Paris. It was the first report of violence linked to the disturbances so close to the heart of the French capital.

In Evry, a southern Parisan suburb, The Associated Press reported that the authorities had found 150 explosive devices in what was described as a de facto firebomb-making factory. A senior Justice Ministry official, Jean-Marie Huet, said today that more than 100 bottles, as well as gallons of fuel and hoods for hiding rioters' faces, had been found in the rundown building.

Most of the unrest remained confined to immigrant neighborhoods surrounding Paris, where about 100 people were evacuated Friday night from two apartment blocks after an arson attack set dozens of cars alight in an underground garage. Rampaging youths have also attacked property in the southern cities of Toulouse and Nice, and in Lille and Rennes to the north.

Hundreds of young people, including teenagers as young as 13, have been detained in the past 24 hours. Although the police have been unable to stop the violence because of its apparent spontaneity and lack of clear leaders, officials say they have also begun to detect efforts to coordinate action and spread it nationally. In remarks on Europe 1 Radio, the prosecutor general in Paris, Yves Bot, said Web sites were urging youths in other cities to join the rioting.

The police said that for the first time they had deployed a helicopter to videotape incidents and coordinate with officers on the ground. Roman Catholic, Protestant and Muslim leaders led a march of about 2,000 people on Saturday morning in Aulnay-sous-Bois, one of the affected suburbs. The parents of two teenagers, whose accidental deaths while hiding from the police touched off the rioting, also issued a statement appealing for calm.

Many see the violence as a test of wills between Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy and the young, mostly French Arab rioters. Many immigrants and their children blame Mr. Sarkozy for alienating young people with the way he has pressed a zero-tolerance anticrime campaign, which features frequent police checks of French Arabs in poor neighborhoods. But he has ignored calls from many French Arabs to resign, and is keeping up the pressure. During a visit to a police command center west of Paris on Saturday, according to local news reports, he told officers, "Arrests - that's the key."

Ironically, Mr. Sarkozy, himself a second-generation immigrant, has been one of the loudest champions of affirmative action and of relaxing rules that restrict government support for building mosques.

The government has been embarrassed by its inability to quell the disturbances, which have called into question its unique integration model, which discourages recognizing ethnic, religious or cultural differences in favor of French unity. There is no affirmative action, for example, and religious symbols, like the Muslim veil, are banned in schools.

"The republican integration model, on which France has for decades based its self-perception, is in flames," the German newspaper Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung declared. An editorial in Germany's Süddeutsche Zeitung called the violence around Paris an "intifada at the city gates," a reference to the anti-Israeli uprising by Palestinians.

The French approach to integration is one of three basic models in Europe, which has faced large-scale non-European immigration only in the postwar era.

Germany and Austria pursued a now largely discredited "guest worker" policy that was based on the notion that immigrants were temporary laborers who would eventually go home. But the guest workers did not go home, and their European-born children have begun demanding citizenship and equal rights.

While it is still difficult to become a citizen in Germany, there has been a strong wave of naturalizations in recent years and children born there to foreign parents now receive citizenship at birth.

Britain has followed a policy closer to that of the United States, extending citizenship to newcomers and encouraging strong ethnic communities. Immigrants arriving from Commonwealth countries in the 1950's and 1960's enjoyed immediate voting rights until Margaret Thatcher put an end to the practice in 1981. But the law created politically powerful immigrant communities.

France, too, has offered citizenship to its immigrants, but the process was slower, and many of the Algerians who arrived to work in the wake of their country's bitter war of independence against France were reluctant to take up French citizenship. Not until naturalizations became more common in the 1980's did immigrants and their adult children begin to develop political power.

The country has tried to discourage "ghettoization" by ignoring ethnic or religious differences and emphasizing French identity above all. Until the early 1980's, foreigners needed government approval to form associations.

But discrimination has flourished behind the oft-stated ideals, leaving immigrants and their French-born offspring increasingly isolated in government-subsidized apartment blocks to face high unemployment and dwindling hope for the future.

France Article

Remember to look up articles on your own as I posted below but I will give you articles that you can use as well.

France Has an Underclass, but Its Roots Are Still Shallow

By CRAIG S. SMITH

PARIS — Just two months ago, the French watched in horrified fascination at the anarchy of New Orleans, where members of America's underclass were seen looting stores and defying the police in the wake of Hurricane Katrina.

Last week, as rioters torched cars and trashed businesses in the immigrant-concentrated suburbs of Paris, the images of wild gangs of young men silhouetted against the yellow flames of burning cars came as an unwelcome reminder for France that it has its own growing underclass.

The coincidence of timing can be revealing - and deceptive.

The corrosive gap between America's whites and its racial minorities, especially African-Americans, is the product of centuries: slavery, followed by cycles of poverty and racial exclusion that denied generation after generation the best the United States could offer. France, on the other hand, is only beginning to struggle with a much newer variant of the same problem: the fury of Muslims of North African descent who have found themselves caught for three generations in a trap of ethnic and religious discrimination.

Even so, France is still low on the curve toward developing an entrenched, structural underclass - one that could breed extremism and lasting social problems.

So far, while hundreds of cars and buses have been burned and dozens of businesses destroyed in violence that has spread to a dozen towns, most rioters appear to be teenage boys bent more on making the news than making a coherent political statement.

"It's a game of cowboys and Indians," said Olivier Roy, a French scholar of European Islam. He is usually keen to warn Europeans of the potential danger posed by Islamists living among them. But in this case, he said, the danger is a long-range one. So far, he said, the attacks on the police and the torching of cars has less the character of a religious war than of "a local sport, a rite of passage."

The violence, on the other hand, reflects something that any American who lived through the urban upheavals of the 1960's, or the 1992 riots in Los Angeles, might recognize: a dangerous degree of isolation felt by a growing segment of its population, especially its young.

Although many Americans feel that their country still has a lot of work to do to close the gap between blacks and whites, the social protests and urban upheavals of the 1960's produced a stream of measures intended to increase political and economic opportunities rapidly for members of minority groups, and to stress the value of diversity to a democracy. By contrast, the French model has so far relied largely on expensive measures to keep poor Muslims fed, housed and educated, but has not effectively addressed the social or political isolation they feel from job and housing discrimination, and has actually limited their ability to define themselves as a political interest group. Affirmative action, a cornerstone of the American approach, has been a taboo here.

Manuel Valls, a member of Parliament and mayor of Évry, a troubled suburb south of Paris that has seen its share of violence in the past few days, put it this way: "We've combined the failure of our integration model with the worst effects of ghettoization, without a social ladder for people to climb."

"In the U.S. and Britain, the communities help create opportunities for advancement," he continued. But in France "the state and the politicians have left the playing field open for a political-religious response - that's undeniable."

Still, because France's difficulties are relatively recent, it may have a chance to escape the depth of the American problems.

For one thing, the physical conditions in these neighborhoods have not begun to rival poor urban areas in the United States. Even in the worst government housing developments, green lawns and neat flower beds break the monotony of the gray concrete.

There are more than 700 such neighborhoods in the country, housing nearly five million people or about 8 percent of the population.

The despair in these housing projects (called cités here) has been mitigated by better schools than those that serve poor, minority districts in the United States (education is financed nationally in France, rather than through local tax rolls) and by extensive welfare programs. Even when employed, a family of four living in a government-subsidized apartment typically pays only a few hundred dollars a month in rent and can receive more than $1,200 a month in various subsidies. The unemployed receive more. For all, health care and education are free.

There is crime, but not nearly at the level of random violence feared in poor neighborhoods in American cities. Guns are tightly controlled and are still relatively rare. When a teenager was killed in a drive-by shooting in a Paris suburb this year, it made national headlines. The family unit among immigrants is still strong, as are ties to their homelands.

But that tight social fabric is fraying as the second and now third generations of French-born immigrants come of age. On two levels, many young immigrants find themselves questioning where they really belong. They have weaker ties than their parents did to their ancestral countries, but they are also discovering that, contrary to what they have been taught in school, they are not fully French.

That is one foundation of the fear among some experts that a structural underclass is emerging. Already, French-Arabs and French-Africans make up the majority of inmates in France's prisons, just as minorities make up a vastly disproportionate part of the American prison population.

France's definition of citizenship also presents problems. While the United States stresses pluralism, France continues to discourage anything that could carve up the French body politic along ethnic lines; the word "communautarisme," which roughly translates as ghettoization, is known to all French as a destructive force that afflicts, most notably, the United States.

It was only in 2003 that the French government encouraged the formation of an umbrella Islamic organization that could represent French Muslims in a dialogue with the state. The overall policy has only increased Muslim resentments by banning any form of affirmative action and by suppressing cultural expression in measures like forbidding Muslim girls to wear veils in school.

As in the United States, most experts agree that in the long run, full employment would be the best way to solve the problems and accelerate integration. Here, the comparison between the history of American minority groups and those in France seems particularly close. The jobless rate among French-Arabs and French-Africans is as high as 30 percent in some neighborhoods, triple the national average. French-Arabs regularly claim that when identical résumés are submitted to an employer with an Arab name on one and a French name on another, the résumé with the French name will get the priority.

That much, at least, may be changing. In March, President Jacques Chirac appointed the chairman of the automaker Renault, Louis Schweitzer, to head a council created to fight job and housing discrimination. The country is also engaged in a debate over whether to bend its laws to allow affirmative action in the job market.

"The picture of France as a country that doesn't want to recognize diversity - that's partially true," said Patrick Weil, an expert on immigration and integration based in Paris for the German Marshall Fund. "But there's a debate now about what steps should be taken to change that."

France and Muslims

For these questions, I want you to do the research and find the articles yourself. I will publish articles here that you can use also. You must answer the questions in your own words and not simply cut and paste items into your answers. Given the current situation in France, articles will not be hard to find. Check out the newspaper list I have in the links section (especially the NY Times and the BBC). Here is the first of several articles I will give you to look at.

Immigrant Rioting Flares in France for Ninth Night

By CRAIG S. SMITH

AULNAY-SOUS-BOIS, France, Nov. 4 - France's worst urban violence in a decade exploded for a ninth night on Friday as bands of youths roamed the immigrant-heavy, working-class suburbs of Paris, setting fire to dozens of cars and buildings while the government struggled over the violence and the underlying frustrations fueling it.

The unrest, which has also spread to other parts of France with large North African and Arab populations, prompted the American and Russian governments to warn citizens visiting Paris to avoid its poor, outlying neighborhoods. France reduced train service to Charles de Gaulle Airport after two trains became targets of rioters earlier in the week.

A handicapped woman riding a bus in the Sevran suburb suffered burns over 20 percent of her body Thursday night after two youths doused the inside of the bus with a flammable liquid and set it on fire. Youths have also burned cars in Dijon, in the east, and in Marseille, in the south.

The violence has isolated the country's tough-talking, anticrime interior minister, Nicolas Sarkozy, whom some people blame for having worsened the situation with his blunt statements about "cleaning out" the "thugs" from those neighborhoods.

France has been grappling for years with growing unrest among its second- and third-generation immigrants, mostly North African Arabs, who have faced decades of high unemployment and marginalization. Critics say Mr. Sarkozy's confrontational approach has polarized the communities and the government.

"It's a game that has been started between the youth and Sarkozy," said a French-Algerian man wearing Chanel sunglasses outside Aulnay's mosque, in a converted warehouse. He would give his name only as Nabil. "Until he quits," he said, "it's not going to get better."

Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin met Friday afternoon with more than a dozen youths from troubled neighborhoods at his palatial offices in central Paris, hoping to find a solution to the unrest. He has promised to put in place an "action plan" before the end of the month to improve conditions in the country's poor neighborhoods.

France's foreign minister, Philippe Douste-Blazy, warned Thursday that France risked losing the integration battle in immigrant neighborhoods to radicalization of religious-based movements (diplomatic code for Islamic extremism).

For now, the violence seems to have been the work of unfocused teenagers and young adults without a clear political agenda.

"We see among the rioters kids of 13 to 15, who are swept along, who are encouraged to take all the risks, and the others, the ringleaders, who are used to creating trouble - they terrorize everyone, and don't want to stop," said Franck Cannarozzo, a deputy mayor of Aulnay. "Rather than playing on their Playstations, they attack the police."

The rioting began last week in Clichy-sous-Bois after two teenagers were electrocuted when they hid in an electrical substation from the police. Local youths, who believed the police had chased the boys into the enclosure, took to the streets, setting cars on fire in protest.

This came shortly after Mr. Sarkozy's populist anticrime campaign gathered speed when he declared a "war without mercy" on violence in the working-class suburbs, which were built up during the postwar period to move workers out of the city center and closer to the industrial zones that employed them.

Over the succeeding decades, North African and sub-Saharan immigrants replaced the working-class French who initially populated the neighborhoods. But jobs have dried up as the economy slowed - unemployment in some of the zones is as high as 30 percent - and the suburbs have become the French equivalent of America's inner cities.

While labor immigration tightened in the 1980's, illegal immigration and asylum seekers have kept many of the neighborhoods growing. In 2003, France became the world's leading destination for asylum seekers, surpassing the United States.

Immigration analysts say the current segregation is precursor to an inevitable reshaping of European societies forced to reopen their borders to increase the tax rolls and balance their aging, shrinking populations with immigrants.

Demographic pressures mean North African and sub-Saharan Africans will probably be at the forefront. By many estimates a majority of the 300 million Muslims already living along the Mediterranean's southern rim are under age 20.

Many in those neighborhoods say that they are being stigmatized by the interior minister's campaign and that the increased police presence results in harassment. Even before the deaths that set off the unrest last week, Mr. Sarkozy was pelted with stones and bottles during a highly publicized visit to the Parisian suburb of Argenteuil, where he had gone to outline a new plan to fight crime.

But Mr. Sarkozy has refused to back down, calling for "firmness and justice" in the face of the violence.

His stance has worsened a split in the governing Union for a Popular Majority party between his supporters and those of Mr. Villepin. Both men are vying to become the party's presidential candidate in 2007.

The opposition Socialists, deeply divided since earlier this year over a failed effort to ratify a European constitution, have been quick to capitalize on the unrest, accusing the governing party of neglecting the plight of the disenfranchised French-Arab and French-African youth.

On Thursday, the Interior Ministry released a report on the deaths that touched off the newest rioting, asserting that a third boy who survived the incident had said he and his friends were not being chased and were aware of the danger when they entered the substation enclosure. The report suggested that the boys were hiding from the police because one of those who died had a record of armed robbery and the other was part of a group that had broken into a construction site that evening.

But those points have been lost amid the ensuing violence.

"It's the police who are provoking us," said a bearded man in a white cap and North African robe in Aulnay who would give his name only as Mohamed. "They don't like foreigners."

He said he had moved to France from Algeria in 1971 and lived in the neighborhood for 30 years. All four of his children were born in France, and though he is unemployed, they have all found jobs.

"They say integrate, but I don't understand: I'm already French, what more do they want?" he said. "They want me to drink alcohol?"

Though France has a policy of officially ignoring ethnic differences in favor of French identity, its people have been slow to open their arms to newcomers who are told that they should enjoy the same rights.

"On paper we're all the same, but if your name is Mohamed, even with a good education, you can only find a job as a porter at the airport," said Kader, 23, who works at the airport. He complained that the immigrant suburbs had been neglected by the current government.

While the vast majority of the young people behind the nightly attacks are Muslim, experts and residents warned against seeing the violence through the prism of religion. The cultural divide between these second- and third-generation immigrants and the native French is deeper because they come from Muslim families, but to date the violence has had nothing to do with Islam.

But Islamic radicals recruit in France's troubled neighborhoods, and there is clearly a risk of deepening alienation and anger that could breed more extremism.

Manuel Valls, the mayor of Évry, where dozens of cars have been set afire, said the spreading unrest was more a game of copycats than coordinated action as young people vie to make the evening news. "It's a kind of hit parade by the neighborhoods," he said.

But Mr. Valls said the deeper symptoms of the neighborhoods must be addressed. "Each crisis is bigger, harsher and deeper, more revealing of the failure of our integration model," he said.

Ariane Bernard contributed reporting for this article.

book reports

when will the book reports be due?

Riots in France

Rioting has now lasted nine days in the suburbs outside of Paris. This directly relates to our current unit and even our current question set. The articles about Muslims in France will be posted tomorrow online so you can answer those questions. I have several already and will get any new ones that I that I find by then.

mrlewishistoricalsociety

what is the grading scale for the class

grades up

The grade update is now online. The grades are dated for Nov. 3. The next update will come in about a week and a half or so. Beware the blog monster.

Homework

1. Explain, in two paragraphs, how the demographic transition and the migration transition relate to the cultural issues such as diffusion and conflicts.
2. Create a map of the Palestinian area and show: where the boundaries are currently; where the boundaries were originally supposed to exist; territories that Israel has taken over at one time or another; names for the various zones; religious sites and their location; what you think the future boundaries are likely to be. Explain how you decided where the future boundaries would exist.
3. Read the two articles about Muslims and France and answer the following questions: 1. Why do you think a divide exists between the French and the new immigrants? 2. How is the divide also a spatial issue? 3. Where are the countries involved in terms of the demographic transition and how does that help to explain the issues in France? 4. Do you think there is a generational difference between immigrants and their children and explain?
4. Go into more detail than used in the text and answer the questions on page 221 (1-3)
5. Go into more detail than used in the text and answer the questions on page 256 (1-3)


I will post the readings later either here or in the handouts section

Question

what about the questions from class?

GRADE ACCESS

what is the username and password to the grades portion on the site??

P.s Im in first period.

Coming Attractions

I will show you fear in a handful of dust




Quiz kiddies, quiz quiz quiz.

Ha ha ha ha

Hope you like Central America as much as you liked South America.

If you do not know your maps, I will lead you into a wasteland kiddies.

Grades

They are finally online and can be accessed 24/7. Enjoy the feeling of class every moment of the day. Now that the changes have been made, it will be easy for me to post up new ones as frequently as I post them at school.

Enjoy

QUESTIONS FROM BOOK

5. Some Christians believe that they should be prepared to carry the word of God and the teachings of Jesus Christ to people who have not been exposed to them, and at any time and any place. Are Evangelical activities equally likely to occur at any time and at any place, or are some places more suited than others? Why?

2. Sarajevo, capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina, once contained concentrations of many ethnic groups. In retaliation for ethnic cleansing by the Serbs and Croats, the Bosnian Muslims now in control of Sarajevo have been forcing other ethnic groups to leave the city, and Sarajevo is now inhabited overwhelmingly by Bosnian Muslims. Discuss the merits and obstacles in restoring Sarajevo as a multi-ethnic city.

WoW

mrlewishistoricalsociety
I finally learned how to post a blog!

mrlewishistoricalsociety

about how long do the answers for the questions in the book have to be

Question set due date

The next question set is due 11-3. The site has been updated and grades will be up in one hour.

Pregunta

I was about to do my homework for Thursday, and I thought you assigned the "two paragraphs about a holiday diffustion"
11-1 Question Set (Bantu, Gaelic and English) -35 Points
11-2 225-236 Chapter Six Review and Vocabulary -30
11-2 237-244 Question Set
Are the dates mest up? Or should I follow the homework site?
Thanks!!!!

Show on tonight

I got this email and will be taping this.
I think it should interest all of you to watch
it.

Should be good for the epi section of AP Human Geography.



Greetings!
>
> This is to let you know of a ground breaking
> six-hour PBS series on global
> public health entitled Rx for Survival which begins
> November 1 on your
> local PBS television station. Complete information
> and an extraordinary
> seven minute background clip on the series can be
> seen at
> www.pbs.org/wgbh/rxforsurvival/
>
> The website provides the following background
> information:  “From vaccines
> to antibiotics, clean water to nutrition, bio-terror
> threats to the
> HIV/AIDS pandemic, the six-part series Rx for
> Survival tells the
> compelling stories of global health champions and
> the communities they
> strive to protect. Employing both historical
> dramatic sequences and
> poignant current documentary stories, the series
> will showcase key
> milestones in public health history, such as the
> eradication of smallpox,
> alongside modern and future challenges, including
> SARS, a potential global
> flu pandemic and recovery from the Asian tsunami
> catastrophe.
>
> Brad Pitt narrates, and Experts including Jeffrey
> Sachs, the Director of
> the Earth Institute at Columbia University; author
> Laurie Garrett; Harvey
> Fineberg, President of the National Academies of
> Sciences Institute of
> Medicine; Nils Daulaire, President of the Global
> Health Council; and
> Donald Hopkins, the Associate Executive Director of
> the Carter Center,
> will guide viewers through the ins and outs of this
> complex but
> fascinating story.”  Funding for Rx for Survival — A
> Global Health
> Challenge was provided by the Bill & Melinda Gates
> Foundation and The
> Merck Company Foundation.

question on holiday diffusion

i thought that this would be interesting: can we choose a holiday from a different country and explain how it diffused (in that country)?