Urban test question bank part one

1Greater dependence on coal is likely to occur by

A reducing levels of air pollution

B expanding use of electricity

C having fewer mining accidents

D reducing levels of soil erosion problem

E increasing levels of soil erosion problems

2As a result of high land costs, the American CBD is characterized by

A less intensive land use

B construction of skyscrapers

C intense competition for very limited space

D high threshold and range

E horizontal growth

3The French long-lot system was developed primarily because of

A collective land ownership

B common grazing lands

C inheritance laws

D need for access to a river

E need to plot a standard plot size

4All of the following are examples of types of services except

Aconsumer B transportation C public D business E all of the above are

5. the process of legally adding land area to a city in the U.S. is

A redlining

B accrediation

C annexation

D defined by an urbanized area

E an application of eminent domain

6. A process by which real estate agents convince white owners to sell their homes is

A blockbusting B filtering C gentrification D redlining E greenbelting

7. The most significant benefit of the enclosure movement was to

A destroy traditionl village life

B promote agricultural efficiency

C replace abandoned villages with new farmsteads

D stimulate urbanization

E create clustered rural settlements

8. To deal with the financial problems in some areas of the city, American governments

A reduce taxes

B reduce services

C receive more grants from the federal government

D improve services

E all of the above

9. British cities are surrounded by open spaces known as

A greenbelts B public housing C sprawl D squatter settlemetns E suburbs

10. A legal form of segregation in U.S. cities is achieved through

Ablockbusting Bfiltering Czoning Dgreenbelts Eredlinig

11. The U.S. government has encouraged the use of cars in part by

A building interstate ighways

B charging high gasoline taxes

C constructing new subways

D protecting prime agricultural land

E both a and b

12. According to the concentric zone model a city develops in a series of

Acorridors Brings Cnodes Dareas Esectors

13. social area analysis attempts to explain

Athe diffusion of settlements

Bthe development of squatter settlements in developing countries

Cthe distribution of different types of people in an urban area

Dwhich of three models of urban structure is the most accurate in the U.S.

Ethe changing location of retail and office activities in North American cities

14. Higher income people tend to live near the center of the city in all but which of the following regions

Alatin america Bnorth america Csouth asia Dwestern europe Enone

15. In a linear community the best locaiton for a service is the

Ahinterland Brange Cthreshold Dmedian Emarket

16. The fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century A.D. brought about what change in urban settlements

Adevelopment of city-states

Brapid urbanization

Creduction of urban populaiton

Drevival of urban life

Edisperson of settlements

17The minimum number of people needed to support a service is

Ahinterland Brange Cthreshold Dmedian Ecentral place

18Larger settlements are

Amore numerous and closer together

Bmore numerous and further apart

Cless numerous and less together

Dthere is no concrete pattern

19Whys is the absence of a rank-size distribution significant in a country like Romania

Aconsumers do not have access to goods

Bthe capital is a primate city

Cconsumers do not have to travel far for goods or services

Dconsumers are less likely to take buses to obtain goods and services

Eboth b and d

20All of the following are true about central place theory except

Ait was first proposed in the 1930s

Bit explaines how services are distributed and why a regular pattern of settlemetns exists

Cit applies best to an industrialized area

Dit is more applicable to MDCs than LDCs

E NONE

21According to the sector model, the best housing is located in

ACorridor from the downtown to the edge of the city

BThe CBD

CNodes near the universities and parks

DRenovated inner city neighborhoods

EAn outer ring surrounding the city

22The CBD attracts offices primarily because of its

AHigh accessibility

BHigh land costs

CMore intensive land use

DLess intensive land use

EConstruction of skyscrapers

23In the U.S. which of the following definitions of a city covers the largest land area

ACBD

BCentral City

CUrbanized Area

DMetro Statistical Area

ESuburban area

24Solar energy is more expensive than other forms of energy for most consumers primarily because

AConsumers cannot count on having enough during cloudy days

BInstallation costs are high

CSilicon is a scarce element

DSolar Energy is dangerous

ENone of the above

25A land use typically excluded from a North American CBD is

AGovernment

BIndustrial

COffice

DRetail

EPersonal Services

26Megalopolis refers to

AAdjacent overlapping Metropolitan Statistical Areas

BCentral Cities

CCBD plus outer suburbs

DCentral cities plus urbanized areas

EConsolidated Metro Stat Areas

27Public transportation is better suited for commuting to the CBD primarily because

AIt is less expensive

BEach traveler takes up less space

CCommuters desire to use it

DThe CBD population has declined

EBoth a and c

28Contrary to air and water pollution, solid waste pollution is reduced through

ABurning residuals

BConstructing landfills

CConcentrating rather than dispersing waste

DReducing damage to the Earth’s ozone layer

EDispersing rather than concentrating waste

29The most important political reason for the origin of settlements was a place to

ABury the dead

BEducate children

CProtect the group’s assets

DHouse the ruler

ENone of the above

30Reduction of biodiversity through species extinction is especially important in

ASemi-arid rangelands

BArid rangelands

CMid-latitude deciduous forests

DMountainous tundra

ETropical rain forests

31Rural settlements differs from urban settlements primarily according to which type of activity

ACultural Beconomic Cpolitical Dreligious Esocial

32Most people in the world live in what type of settlement

AClustered urban

BDispersed rural

CClustered rural

DMetro area

EUrban settlement

33The study of constraints placed by resources on the level of development is

ACarrying capacity analysis

BDesertification

CEnvironmental impact statement

DProven reserves

EPossiblism

34A process by which banks designate an area within which they refuse to lend money for improvements

ABlockbusting

BFiltering

CGentrification

DRedlining

EUrban renewal

35Producer services provide what kind of services

ADiffusion and distribution of services

BServices to businesses

CServices for the wellbeing of individuals

DSecurity and protection

EBoth a and b

36The area surrounding a service from which customers are attracted is the

AHinterland Brange Cthreshold Dmedian Ecentral place theory

37Critics and defenders of sustainable development both agree that

ADefinitions of resources change drastically and unpredictably over time

BEarth has only 11.4 billion hectares of biologically productive land

CLess international cooperation is needed to reduce the gap between ldc’s and mdc’s

DMore international cooperation is needed to reduce the gap between ldc’s and mdc’s

EMDC’s must dictate sound environmental policies to LDC’s

38U.S. central cities face fiscal problems because

AFederal and state funds are available

BLow-income people are concentrated here

CMiddle-class families are attracted here

DRedlining is no longer legal

EGentrification is occurring

39A recent change in the density gradient has been

AThe elimination of the gap traditionally found in the center

BAn increase in the extremes between the inner and outer areas

CAn increase in the number of people living in the center

DA reduction in the differences in densities found within an urban area

EAn increase in the differences in densities found within an urban area

40According to the gravity model, the potential use of a service at a location is related

ADirectly to the threshold and inversely to the market

BDirectly to distance and inversely to population

CDirectly to population and inversely to distance

DInversely to both distance and population

EDirectly to both population and distance

41If a country follows the rank-size rule, if the largest city has 1,000,000 inhabitants, how many people live in the fifth largest city

42. largest city in the world

A MEXICO CITY

B TOKYO

C BEIJING

D BOMBAY - MUMBAI

E NONE OF THE ABOVE

43If a country’s largest city (like Slovenia) has 1,000,000 inhabitants and the second largest had 200,000 inhabitants the country follows which distribution

ACentral place Beconomic base Cprimate city Drank-size Edensity gradient

A100,000

B200,000

C400,000

D40,000

Enone of the above

44In recent years, urban residents are more likely to shop in

ACorner shops

BDowntown stores

CSuburban malls

DAll of the above

ENone

45A market area is a good example of what kind of region

ACultural Bformal Cfunctional Duniform Evernacular

46Which city model most reflects the influence of cars of cars?

concentric

sector

mutiple nuclei

Latin American

none of the above

47Which model modified the concentric zone model to take into account transportation routes

concentric

sector

mutiple nuclei

Latin American

none of the above

48How does the pattern of buildings change as you reach the center of a city

it changes according to the ideas of the bid-rent pattern going from intense use to low intensity in the CBD

it changes according to the central place theory and goes from low intense use to high intensity use in the CBD

it changes according to the bid-rent pattern and goes from low intensity to high intensity land use in the CBD

the buidlings in the center are more horizontal

the buildings are more likely to be a part of sprawl

49What is at the center of the concentric zone model and many other city models

CBD

a tootsie roll

nothing inside (empty like the heartless Mr. Lewis)

The centro pertifico

the zone of accretion

50According to the sector model where would the lower class neighborhoods exist (next to what)

industry

middle class

all along a spine from the CBD

all next to the CBD

none of the above

51In what year will the majority of people be living in cities?

2007

2008

2050

2030

2015

52In what type of country do you find most of the world's urban population?

MDCs

LDCs

European

Asian

North American

53What is the biggest difference in the type of buildings that create sprawl versus the type of buildings you find downtown?

horizontal and mixed use zones

vertical and mixed use zones

closely clustered low intensity land use downtown

closely clustered horizontal buildings in the sprawl

all of the above

54What is the main idea behind the design of urban sprawl

to space buildings apart and create homes that all exist at the ends of cul-de-sacs

to cluster areas together in towns and have green zones between those areas

to build malls and use single use zonign to separate areas of usage

both a and b

none

55In the Latin American model, where do the rich live

industry

middle class

all along a spine from the CBD

all next to the CBD

none of the above

56What is the difference between the edge of Latin American cities and zone of accretion building material

buildings take delivery of resources like water and gas

buildings in the zone of accretion are more temporary and made of scrap metals

closer into the city the buildings are more permanent

both a and c

all of the above